The South African landscape of practical theology is undergoing a pivotal transformation, largely influenced by the rapid advancement of digital technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI).
The Society for Practical Theology in South Africa (SPTSA) hosted its annual conference at the North-West University’s Vanderbijlpark Campus from 21 to 23 January, illuminated these shifts with the thought-provoking theme: "Practical theology facing digital (AI and ChatGPT) revolutions in the age of homo-digitalis".
Attended by more than 50 academics from diverse institutions across South Africa and neighbouring countries, the conference fostered rich discussions on the ethical implications of AI in shaping human behaviour and relationships.
Prominent keynote speakers included Prof Sabrina Müller from the University of Bonn, Prof Derick Mashau from UNISA, and Dr Katlego Mokoena from WITS University. Their insights highlighted the dual nature of AI as both a disruptor and an enabler in theological contexts.
Prof Gift Baloyi, chairperson of the SPTSA, articulated the conference’s focus on the partnership between faith and technology, particularly in response to the challenges posed by “homo-digitalis” – a term that describes humanity's evolution in an increasingly digital world. With the growing integration of AI in daily life, profound theological questions arise regarding the nature of human identity, community formation, and the pursuit of the divine.
Prof Baloyi said one significant takeaway from the dialogue was the need for a thoughtful integration of AI and digital technologies within the practice of theology. He emphasised that while these innovations open new avenues for ministry and broaden access to spiritual resources, they necessitate careful ethical consideration.
“We learnt that while these tools offer exciting possibilities for expanding ministry and improving accessibility, they also demand thoughtful discernment, ethical vigilance, and a commitment to preserving the core values of relational care,” he remarked.
He mentioned that another insight from the conference was that as theological institutions adapt to this digital shift, a potential evolution in curriculum is on the horizon. He explained that these future courses on AI ethics, digital theology, and virtual ministry may well become foundational for preparing the next generation of pastors, chaplains and theologians.
"This curricular integration aims not only to enhance digital literacy, but also to catalyse the development of a robust theological framework to address technology’s role in creation, human identity, and spiritual engagement," he said.
He added that there was a pressing need for theologians to confront the risks associated with an over-reliance on technology while advocating for the preservation of genuine human connection in ministry practices.
The discussion during the conference also encouraged institutions and denominational bodies to produce white papers that establish ethical and theological frameworks for utilising AI in ministry, particularly around critical issues like data privacy and digital justice.
Prof Baloyi said conferences like this reflected the importance of reshaping traditional theological frameworks. "They present opportunities for participants to challenge established doctrines and practices, ultimately fostering a more responsible and informed engagement with technology."
He added that AI posed an opportunity to rethink how people experience the divine in a digitally mediated world, highlighting that in navigating this complexity, the commitment to ethical discernment and relational care remains paramount.
The NWU’s Vanderbijlpark Campus recently played host to the Society for Practical Theology in South Africa’s annual conference.
