Smallholder poultry farmers who adopt harnessed energy systems such as solar and wind power could improve production efficiency and reduce long-term operational costs, according to research conducted by Ella Mogashoa during her master’s study at the North-West University (NWU).
The study focused on smallholder poultry farmers in the Tshwane District of Gauteng and examined how alternative-energy systems could contribute to sustainable agriculture and improve productivity in small-scale farming operations.
With growing pressure on the agricultural sector to adopt sustainable practices, the research explored how reliable energy access can help farmers maintain production while lowering dependence on fossil fuels and unstable electricity supply. The study further highlighted the role of renewable energy in supporting rural, urban and peri-urban communities in achieving broader sustainable development goals.
Ella compared the production efficiency of farmers using conventional electricity systems with those who incorporated harnessed energy solutions such as solar and wind power. The findings showed a clear difference in productivity levels between the two groups. Farmers using harnessed energy systems recorded a production efficiency mean score of 0,9437, compared to 0,5708 among those relying on conventional energy sources.
“The study showed that adopting harnessed energy significantly improves production efficiency by ensuring a reliable power supply, reducing long-term operational costs and promoting environmental sustainability,” says Ella.
The research identified solar energy as the most practical option for smallholder poultry farmers in Tshwane due to the area’s high solar irradiation levels, lower maintenance requirements and suitability for small-scale farming operations. Wind energy was identified as a complementary option where conditions allow.
Using descriptive statistical analysis, the study found that most respondents were between the ages of 35 and 44, while 56% were male. The findings also showed that 76% of respondents had between zero and five years of farming experience, indicating that many farmers were still relatively new to poultry production.
The research further investigated factors influencing the adoption of harnessed energy systems. While variables such as age and farming experience were statistically insignificant, the influence to adopt harnessed energy was found to be statistically significant.
The study also identified several barriers limiting the adoption of renewable energy systems. High production costs, funding shortages, limited awareness and insufficient technical knowledge were among the main challenges faced by farmers. Respondents further expressed concerns about the reliability and returns associated with alternative-energy technologies.
Ella recommended stronger financial support mechanisms, including subsidies and low-interest loans, to improve access to renewable-energy technologies for smallholder farmers. She also called for increased awareness campaigns, training programmes and stronger public-private partnerships to improve the accessibility and affordability of energy systems that harness energy.
Ella Mogashoa’s study found that solar and wind-energy systems can improve production efficiency among smallholder poultry farmers in Tshwane while reducing dependence on conventional electricity sources..
